• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Inductive coupling device and electronic transformer that uses it. A coupling device is described which, unlike the couplings known in the art, allows to provide coupling by air or dielectric medium for multilevel power converters in very high voltage DC and AC level adaptation applications. The inductive coupling device object of the invention replaces the conventional transformer stage with an inductive power transmission system through air or dielectric medium. The invention is characterized by making the isolation stage between the primary and the secondary more simple and modular for very high voltage ranges. Two alternatives are considered: a split and physically separated magnetic core, or an air or dielectric material core. Likewise, an electronic transformer comprising said inductive coupling device is object of the invention. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2739876A1
    申请号:ES201830800
    申请日:2018-08-01
    公开日:2020-02-04
    发明作者:Osorio Jose Francisco Sanz；Buil Juan Manuel Perie；Halli Ruben Acerete；Alba Jesus Munoz-Cruzado；Gazulla Juan Luis Villa
    申请人:Fundacion Circe Centro De Investig De Recursos Y Consumos Energeticos；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The object of the invention is framed in the technical field of physics, more specifically in the technical field of electrical conversion.
    [0007]
    [0008] The object of the invention allows multilevel power converters to be supplied by air or dielectric means in very high voltage DC and AC level adaptation applications.
    [0009]
    [0010] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0011]
    [0012] Nowadays, applications that use power conversion are commonly used, applications in which conventional transformers with a magnetic or ferromagnetic core are normally used. On the one hand, these types of transformers represent a very significant part of the total volume and weight of the solid-state transformer and, therefore, it is a limiting factor with respect to the possibilities of scaling and transport of this type of devices. On the other hand, they require a very complex design to ensure insulation when scaling at very high voltages. Likewise, the magnetic core must be electrically isolated from the primary and secondary windings to avoid arcing and ensure that galvanic isolation is provided.
    [0013]
    [0014] An electronic transformer is a special type of multi-level power electronics converter. These types of devices provide a transfer of power between the input and output of the converter, where different levels of voltage and / or frequency are established. It consists of a succession of independent modules interconnected in cascade at its input, as can be seen in the following figure 1, and the outputs corresponding to each module can be grouped in series or in parallel depending on the level of voltage required at the output:
    [0015]
    [0016] Figure 1: Cascading of a multilevel power converter.
    [0017] In turn, each cell independently consists of three stages: The first stage "Input / HF" is a power electronics converter that adapts the input current to a high frequency alternating current. The second module "HF / HF" is a high frequency coupling that provides galvanic isolation and adapts the voltage level of the input to the desired level at the output through a transformation ratio. Finally, the “HF / Output” module adapts the high frequency current from the output of the second module to the voltage and frequency levels required at the output of the converter. Within each cell there are several subsystems to provide full functionality to the system, represented on the right side of Figure 8. Each subcell, primary and secondary, will have apart from its stage of high frequency power conversion and inductive coupling the following Subsystems: A refrigeration system, a local controller, and an auxiliary power system for electronics and other subsystems. Likewise, local controllers will receive the appropriate control instructions from an external master in the cell. The couplings between the modules are normally carried out using an HF transformer with closed magnetic core.
    [0018]
    [0019] On the other hand, inductive charging applications are known for, for example, electric cars, use is made of inductive power transmission through the air; that is to say, this technology is used for power transfer, regardless of voltage adequacy, to provide a power link without wires. The topologies used in wireless recharging systems differ from those proposed in solid state transformer applications mainly because the latter require much higher voltages.
    [0020]
    [0021] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0022]
    [0023] The object of the invention allows to provide a stage of voltage adaptation in electronic transformer applications.
    [0024]
    [0025] The object of the invention makes it possible to provide air or dielectric coupling for multilevel power converters in very high voltage level adaptation applications DC / DC, DC / AC and AC / AC ( Solid State Transformers).
    [0026]
    [0027] The object of the invention is based on the inclusion of an electrical insulation in the magnetic circuit of the transformer, instead of between the electrical conductors and the monolithic or closed core as is done conventionally.
    [0028] In the object of the invention each individual cell has associated its corresponding screening system; for this, use can be made in those embodiments that require it of a housing composed of two halves, which jointly envelops the conductors of the coupling, of material with high magnetic permeability (ferrite or similar), contained in a box of material with high electrical conductivity (aluminum, copper or similar). Both the primary and secondary coil are preferably arranged according to a planar or axial distribution. In addition, each coil of the primary and secondary windings can be independent, so that not only is each stacking cell modular, but also each coil can be easily replaced individually. At least one layer of dielectric material is provided between the primary and secondary, providing insulation between the two parts of the coupling or a sufficient distance in the air, which provides the level of insulation required.
    [0029]
    [0030] The object of the invention contemplates at least two possible embodiments, a possible embodiment in which there is a magnetic core split and physically separated by the dielectric layer, and a possible alternative embodiment in which much of the ferromagnetic material is removed, leaving a Magnetic circuit formed almost entirely by air or dielectric material.
    [0031]
    [0032] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0033]
    [0034] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    [0035]
    [0036] Figure 1.- Shows a view of a modular cascade topology.
    [0037]
    [0038] Figures 2a - 2c.- Shows a series of diagrams showing the current winding arrangement with a closed core transformer (2a), such as the two possible embodiments of the object of the invention consisting of a split ferromagnetic core coupling (2b) or, without ferromagnetic material (2c), with a separation in both cases through a dielectric material.
    [0039]
    [0040] Figure 3.- Shows an electrical diagram of a WPT (Wireless Power Transfer) cell with SS topology.
    [0041] Figure 4a-4c.- Shows a cross section of the inductive coupling indicating the most important dimensions. It shows two variants of the ferromagnetic core section for variant 2b and a cross section for variant 2c.
    [0042]
    [0043] Figures 5a-5c.- They show views of the inductive coupling of the variant 2b where in figure 5a a complete view of the coupling is seen, in figure 5b the coupling with a cross section of a quarter is appreciated and in figure 5c with a longitudinal section to show the winding arrangement under the high electrical conductivity housing.
    [0044]
    [0045] Figures 6a-6b - They show a series of exploding views where all the layers present in the structure can be seen.
    [0046]
    [0047] Figure 7.- Shows a diagram of the arrangement of the cells.
    [0048]
    [0049] Figure 8.- Shows a diagram showing the distribution of the different modules.
    [0050]
    [0051] Figures 9a and 9b.- Shows a sectional view of the object of the invention in coupling position (9) and separate coupling position (9b).
    [0052]
    [0053] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0054]
    [0055] In the implementation of the object of the invention, contrary to the state of the art known and represented in Figure 2a where there is an arrangement of the winding with a closed core transformer, there is a preferred embodiment in which there is a coupling of split ferromagnetic core shown in Figure 2b or, a possible alternative embodiment shown in Figure 2c where the coupling is made through a magnetic circuit formed almost entirely by air or dielectric material. In any of the possible embodiments of the object of the invention use is made of dielectric material disposed between the two parts of the magnetic circuit.
    [0056]
    [0057] The object of the invention can make use of a WPT cell with SS topology for inductive coupling. Therefore, said coupling would respond, in this possible embodiment, to a scheme like the one shown in Figure 3 where resonance capacitors (C1, C2) are seen, present both on the side of the primary winding (3) and on the side of the secondary winding (6), placed in a series configuration. In said figure 3 you can see the coils of the primary winding (3) and the coils of the secondary winding (6), conveniently facing each other for proper channeling of the magnetic flux. Finally, the arrangement of the magnetic core (10) formed by ferrites on the inner side of the primary winding (3) and the secondary winding (6) for the best channeling of the magnetic flux is indicated.
    [0058]
    [0059] The object of the invention can have a structure like one of those shown in Figures 4a-4c, where a cross-section of one of the symmetric halves of the structure is shown, as well as the main measures to consider where the values a, b , c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, N1, S1, N2, and S2 se will adjust according to the system requirements, representing the lowercase letters distances, and the capital letters the number of turns and the size of its section. Following said scheme, the primary winding (3) comprises first turns (N1) with a first section (S1) each, while the secondary winding (6) comprises second turns (N2) with a second section (S2) each of them.
    [0060]
    [0061] The device of the invention can be found arranged in a metal-like shell, preferably of aluminum with a cylindrical-radius shape s, height p, and thickness g , physically divided into two halves by at least one layer of dielectric material ( 4, 5) of thicknesses l and m as shown in Figure 4, where there is a first layer of dielectric material (4) of a thickness l and a second layer of dielectric material (5) of a thickness m, in the sides of the primary winding (3) and secondary winding (6) respectively as shown in Figure 4.
    [0062]
    [0063] There remains therefore a structure as seen in Figure 4 or in Figures 6a-6b, with height n on the primary side, and another height or on the secondary side. The object of the invention can be defined inside a metal housing comprising an upper layer (1) and a lower layer (8) and having a side projection q, as shown in Figure 4, in this way at least one of the layers of dielectric material (4, 5), protrudes from the metal casing, reaching each side a total length 2t, with the object that is layer is attached to the next layer of dielectric material of the modules Surroundings of the power converter. Therefore, overall, there will be a single continuous layer of dielectric material that decreases the leakage line distance between primary and secondary. Inside, the first element of ferromagnetic material (6) will be located at respective heights a and f with respect to the box on its sides corresponding to the primary winding (3), primary side, and the secondary winding (6), secondary side. 2) preferably in the form of disc, of thickness b and e on the primary and secondary sides, respectively. This disc of ferromagnetic material can be hollow in its central part (embodiments shown in Figures 4a and 4b) and is centered at a distance r from the center of the structure defined by the set of elements in the housing, and with a length section h, having a height j on the primary side and k on the secondary side. Likewise, the first turns (N1) - of the primary winding (3) - and the second turns (N2) - of the secondary winding (6) - are also located focusing at a distance r from the center of the structure. Finally, the distance i is defined as the distance between the two windings (3, 6), and the distances c and d define the distance between the inner face of the ferromagnetic core (11) and the edge of the half of the winding structure primary (3) and secondary winding (6) respectively.
    [0064]
    [0065] As shown in Figure 6, the inductive coupling or coupling device of the invention has a series of elements arranged in a sandwich structure in view of the section of said figure 6 where there is an upper layer (1) which delimits the housing and therefore the device on its upper part, of the coupling device of the invention where the primary winding (3) is preferably arranged. This top layer (1) can have an insulating inner coating to prevent the appearance of an electric arc with the corresponding winding. Likewise, a lower layer (8) is the part of the housing corresponding to the lower side of the coupling device of the invention where the secondary winding (6) of the coupling is preferably located. The housing and therefore its layers (1, 8) are preferably made of aluminum, copper, or the like. Said first is that of ferromagnetic material (2) and a second element of ferromagnetic material (7), preferably disk-shaped, are respectively arranged with respect to the primary winding (3) and the secondary winding (6). Next, in said figure, the first winding (3), which is the spiral-shaped copper winding of the primary stage, and equivalently has the second winding (6), which is the spiral winding of the secondary stage. Said windings (3, 6) may be arranged with planar distribution (as seen in Figure 2b, corresponding with Figures 4a and 4b), or with axial distribution (as seen in 2c, corresponding with Figure 4c). Finally, it is necessary that the first dielectric layer (4), and the second dielectric layer (5) can be made of a high density dielectric insulating material, these being located in relation to the first winding (3) and the second winding (6 ), respectively, in such a way that two independent halves of the structure delimited by the layers (1, 8) of the housing are defined.
    [0066] The coupling device of the invention has a special application in electronic transformers, as an example of said application, an electronic transformer comprising: a first power electronic converter module (Input / HF) intended to adapt the current is object of the invention of input to a high frequency alternating current, a second module "HF / HF" intended to provide galvanic isolation and adapt the voltage level of the input voltage to the desired level at the output through a transformation ratio, and a module output (HF / Output) intended to adapt the high frequency current from the output of the second module to the voltage and frequency levels required at the output of the converter, the inductive coupling device described above being located in the second module.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Inductive coupling device comprising:
    to. a primary comprising:
    i. a first winding (3) with first turns (N1) with a first section (S1) each, located next to the upper layer (1) of the housing, and
    ii. a first element of ferromagnetic material (2) corresponding to the ferromagnetic core (11), arranged next to the first winding (3), and
    b. a secondary comprising:
    i. a second winding (6) with second turns (N2), with a second section (S2) each, and
    ii. a second element of ferromagnetic material (7) corresponding to the ferromagnetic core (11) disposed between the second winding (6) and lower layer (8) of the housing,
    characterized in that the ferromagnetic core (11) is divided into two independent parts and in that it additionally comprises at least one layer of dielectric material (4,5) disposed between the first winding (3) and the second winding (6).
    [2]
    2. Inductive coupling device comprising:
    to. a primary located inside the housing comprising a first winding (3) with first turns (N1) with a first section (S1) each, located next to the upper layer (1) of the housing, Y
    b. a secondary comprising a second winding (6) with second turns (N2), with a second section (S2) each, characterized in that it comprises a ferromagnetic core (11) divided into two parts separated by at least one layer of dielectric material (4,5) that is in contact with at least one of the parts of the ferromagnetic core (11).
    [3]
    3. Inductive coupling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a metal housing which in turn comprises an upper layer (1) and a lower layer (8) between which the primary and secondary are arranged.
    [4]
    4. Inductive coupling device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises resonance capacitors (C1, C2) respectively associated to the windings (3,6).
    [5]
    5. Inductive coupling device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that at least one of: the upper layer (1) and the lower layer (8), comprises an insulating inner coating to prevent the appearance of an electric arc with the corresponding winding.
    [6]
    6. Electronic transformer characterized in that it comprises an inductive coupling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
    [7]
    7. Electronic transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises:
    to. a first power electronics converter module (HF / HF) designed to adapt an input signal to a high frequency signal,
    b. a second module "HF / HF" intended to provide galvanic isolation and adapt the voltage level of the input voltage to the desired level at the output through a transformation ratio, and
    c. an output module (HF / Output) designed to adapt the high frequency signal of the output of the second module to the voltage and frequency levels required at the output of the converter,
    the inductive coupling device being located in the second module.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2739876B2|2020-07-15|
    EP3605793A1|2020-02-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2013019122A1|2011-07-08|2013-02-07|Auckland Uniservices Limited|Interoperability of magnetic structures for inductive power transfer systems|
    EP2892126A1|2012-08-31|2015-07-08|Equos Research Co., Ltd.|Power transmission system|
    EP2927917A2|2014-03-24|2015-10-07|Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha|Power receiving device, vehicle, and power transmission device|
    US20160181821A1|2014-12-22|2016-06-23|Eaton Capital|Wireless power transfer apparatus and power supplies including overlapping magnetic cores|
    US4940921A|1986-07-28|1990-07-10|Lumitech International, L.P.|Combination ballast and cold cathode sealed lamp and method|
    GB9826556D0|1998-12-03|1999-01-27|Genesis Ii Limited|Apparatus and method for downhole telemetry|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830800A|ES2739876B2|2018-08-01|2018-08-01|INDUCTIVE COUPLING DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC TRANSFORMER THAT MAKES USE OF THE SAME|ES201830800A| ES2739876B2|2018-08-01|2018-08-01|INDUCTIVE COUPLING DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC TRANSFORMER THAT MAKES USE OF THE SAME|
    EP19189342.9A| EP3605793A1|2018-08-01|2019-07-31|Inductive coupling device and electronic transformer associated therewith|
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